With an estimated&nbsp;22 million desktops out there in the wild, the choice of default wallpaper on Ubuntu is an important one.



Every major U...

Look Back At Every Default Ubuntu Wallpaper, Ever - TCMHACK

Look Back At Every Default Ubuntu Wallpaper, Ever

<p>Linux is more capable than ever. With over&nbsp;1000 Linux games available on Steam&nbsp;and a general shift towards more web-based desktop software, there&rsquo;s less need for Windows than ever. After all, you can now&nbsp;watch Netflix on Linux without any hacks, and you can even use&nbsp;Microsoft Office on Linux&mdash;a web-based version of it, at least. But, as most dedicated Linux desktop users will eventually discover, there comes a time when you just need to run a particular piece of Windows software on your Linux PC. There are quite a few ways to do so. Here&rsquo;s what you need to know.</p>
<h2>Wine</h2>
<p>Wine is a way to run Windows software on Linux, but with no Windows required.</p>
<aside id="fsb-2094" class="fakesidebar fakesidebar-auto"></aside>
<p>Wine is an open-source &ldquo;Windows compatibility layer&rdquo; that can run Windows programs directly on your Linux desktop. Essentially, this open-source project is attempting to re-implement enough of Windows from scratch that it can run all those Windows applications without actually needing Windows. This is the only method here that won&rsquo;t actually require a copy of Windows, but the downside is that it won&rsquo;t run every application properly. You may encounter bugs or performance issues, especially if you&rsquo;re using Wine to&nbsp;play video games. But if you&rsquo;re running a popular game released a few years ago, you may find that it performs very well. Many people use Wine to play&nbsp;<em>World of Warcraft</em>&nbsp;on Linux, for example. You can get an idea of how an application will run and any tweaks it might require by visiting the&nbsp;Wine Application Database website&nbsp;and searching for that application. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-222 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744776023473-playonlinux-wine-100574846-large.png" alt="" width="580" height="435"></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">PlayOnLinux's version of Wine, running on Ubuntu.</p>
<p>First, download Wine from your Linux distribution&rsquo;s software repositories. Once it&rsquo;s installed, you can then download .exe files for Windows applications and double-click them to run them with Wine. You can also try&nbsp;<strong>PlayOnLinux</strong>, a fancy interface over Wine that will help you install popular Windows programs and games. Codeweavers also offers a commercial version of Wine, known as&nbsp;<strong>CrossOver</strong> Linux. You have to pay to use it, but Codeweavers tries to go out of their way to officially support popular applications (like Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and some big PC games) and ensure they work properly. Codeweavers also contributes its changes back to the main Wine project.</p>
<h2>Virtual machines</h2>
<p>Virtual machines are a very convenient way to run Windows software on your Linux PC. As PCs have gotten faster, virtual machines have become comparatively more lightweight. This process involves installing a copy of Windows in a &ldquo;virtual machine&rdquo; program like&nbsp;VirtualBox, VMware, or Linux&rsquo;s built-in KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) solution. That copy of Windows thinks it&rsquo;s running on real hardware, but it&rsquo;s really running in window on your desktop. Modern virtual-machine solutions can even break Windows programs running in the virtual machine out of that window, allowing them to act like normal windows on your Linux desktop. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-223 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744776059641-virtualbox-on-ubuntu-100574847-large.png" alt="" width="580" height="435"></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">VirtualBox in Ubuntu Linux.</p>
<p>This solution is more foolproof than Wine. As you&rsquo;re running those Windows applications on an actual copy of Windows, you won&rsquo;t encounter bugs. Using a virtual machine does require a full copy of Windows, however, and there is more hardware overhead because that copy of Windows has to be running alongside your primary operating system. In particular, demanding PC games that need access to your computer&rsquo;s graphics card won&rsquo;t perform well at all&mdash;you&rsquo;re better off with Wine for those. But for productivity applications like Microsoft Office or Adobe Photoshop, this is an excellent solution.</p>
<h2>Dual-booting</h2>
<p>Dual-booting isn&rsquo;t technically a way to run Windows software on Linux itself, but it is how many Linux users run Windows software. Rather than using it directly under Linux, you just reboot your computer, choose Windows, and boot into Microsoft&rsquo;s operating system. The Windows software can then run in its native environment. Thanks to&nbsp;modern solid-state drives, that reboot process should be faster than ever. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-221 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744776084874-install-linux-in-dual-boot-100574848-large.png" alt="" width="580" height="435"></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">Installing Linux in a dual-boot configuration.</p>
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<div id="div-gpt-ad-k_72c250bd45d620b76daca2f31e12b4d4-z63e3b996185601727d2c362850d2f511-0" data-google-query-id="CIv9iaXVuOECFQvzjwodmIsExQ">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/208190592/ca-pub-9042063282075774-tag/7911605642/9388313522_0__container__">This is particularly ideal if you&rsquo;re a PC gamer who just can&rsquo;t give Windows up yet. Rather than forgoing all those Windows games, you can just reboot your computer when you want to play Windows-only games. As you&rsquo;re using plain-old Windows running directly on the hardware, you won&rsquo;t have to deal with any compatibility or performance headaches.</div>
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<p>The best way to set up a dual-boot system is to install Windows first&mdash;if your computer came with Windows installed, that&rsquo;s good enough. Next, install the Linux distribution of your choice and tell it to install alongside Windows. You&rsquo;ll then be able to choose your preferred operating system each time you boot your computer. This Ubuntu guide to installing Linux beside Windows can help walk you through the process. The best option really depends on what you're trying to do. If you need to run a single application or game that works well in Wine, Wine may be ideal. If you need to run a variety of desktop applications&mdash;like the most modern versions of Office and Photoshop, which Wine might struggle with&mdash;a virtual machine will be best. If you&rsquo;re a PC gamer who still wants to play the latest Windows games, dual-booting will give you the performance you want without the headaches of Wine.</p>

Linux is more capable than ever. With over 1000 Linux games available on Steam and a general shift towards more web-based desktop software...

How to run Windows software in Linux - TCMHACK

How to run Windows software in Linux

<p><strong>Say aloha to Ubuntu&rsquo;s new desktop&nbsp;background, the one&nbsp;that you, me, and thousands of other Ubuntu users will stare at for the next six months.</strong> Every new Ubuntu release ships with a new desktop wallpaper (well, almost; Ubuntu 14.10 didn&rsquo;t) and the upcoming release of&nbsp;<a href="../../../../blog/ubuntu-19-04-release-date-planned-features-updated" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ubuntu 19.04</a>&nbsp;is no exception. It&rsquo;s something of a design tradition, but it&rsquo;s also practical: distinct desktop wallpapers make it far easier to &lsquo;spot&rsquo; Ubuntu in use in the wild!</p>
<h2>The Disco Dingo Wallpaper, Revealed!</h2>
<p>Topping the cutesy&nbsp;<a href="../../../../blog/ubuntu-18-10s-new-wallpaper-is-cosmically-cute/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Cosmic Cuttlefish</em>&nbsp;wallpaper</a>&nbsp;was always going to be a challenge, but the creative bods at Canonical have had a crack at it anyway. And the result of their diligent designing is this dapper desktop drape bearing the recently revealed&nbsp;<a href="../../../../blog/meet-the-official-ubuntu-19-04-disco-dingo-mascot" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Disco Dingo mascot</a>: <img class="aligncenter wp-image-189 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744863956266-disco-dingo-750x422.jpg" alt="" width="750" height="422"> Pretty&nbsp;<em>delicious</em>, right? The orange-y purple gradient keeps things looking familiar and Ubuntu-ish, and there&rsquo;s a greater use of symmetry In the lines and folds (geometry?) backing this wallpaper compared to the past few. Do you dig what you see? If so, you can download the official Ubuntu 19.04 wallpaper direct from Launchpad, where it&rsquo;s available in 4K resolution and in a greyscale variant. <a class="omg-button omg-button--grey-66" title="Link to Download Ubuntu 19.04 Wallpaper" href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-wallpapers/+bug/1819744/+attachment/5246108/+files/Disco-Dingo_WP_4096x2304.tar.xz" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="omg-button__content">Download Ubuntu 19.04 Wallpaper (tar.xz)</span></a> If you&rsquo;re running Ubuntu 19.04 daily builds you should get the wallpaper as a software&nbsp;<a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-wallpapers/+bug/1819744" target="_blank" rel="noopener">update to the ubuntu-wallpapers package</a>&nbsp;at some point in the next week.</p>
<hr>
<p><strong><em>I&rsquo;ve updated our article showcasing&nbsp;<a href="../../../../blog/look-back-at-every-default-ubuntu-wallpaper-ever">every Ubuntu wallpaper, ever</a>&nbsp;to include the latest design, so if you&rsquo;re feeling nostalgic, go and check &rsquo;em out!</em></strong></p>

Say aloha to Ubuntu’s new desktop background, the one that you, me, and thousands of other Ubuntu users will stare at for the next six months.

The Official Ubuntu 19.04 Wallpaper Is Revealed - TCMHACK

The Official Ubuntu 19.04 Wallpaper Is Revealed

<p><strong>The Ubuntu 19.04 release date is scheduled for April 18, 2019.</strong> This date appears on the draft release schedule for Ubuntu 19.04 (named the &lsquo;Disco Dingo&rsquo;), which was recently added to the official&nbsp;<a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ubuntu Wiki</a>. Dates for the other milestones that typically take place during an Ubuntu development cycle are also pencilled in, including the following freeze points:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Feature freeze:&nbsp;</strong>February 21, 2019</li>
<li><strong>UI freeze:</strong>&nbsp;March 14, 2019</li>
<li><strong>Kernel freeze:</strong>&nbsp;April 1, 2019</li>
</ul>
<p>Once again<strong>&nbsp;there will be no alpha release</strong>&nbsp;during the &ldquo;Disco Dingo&rdquo; cycle&nbsp;but an official Ubuntu 19.04 beta release will be&nbsp;available&nbsp;to download and&nbsp;test in March:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Ubuntu 19.04 beta release date:</strong>&nbsp;March 28, 2019</li>
</ul>
<p>All going to plan the final, stable release of Ubuntu 19.04&nbsp;will strut on to the dance floor in mid-April:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Ubuntu 19.04 release date:</strong>&nbsp;April 18, 2019</li>
</ul>
<p>At this early juncture it&rsquo;s worth noting that all of these dates are subject to change. So, if you&rsquo;re making a note of them, best jot them down in pencil rather than biro, eh?</p>
<h2>Ubuntu 19.04 Features: What to Expect</h2>
<p>Wondering what to expect in Ubuntu 19.04? You needn&rsquo;t scratch your head too hard. The &lsquo;Disco Dingo&rsquo; will ship with the latest&nbsp;<strong>GNOME 3.32</strong>&nbsp;release, offer&nbsp;<strong>Mesa 19.0</strong>, and make use of&nbsp;<strong>Linux Kernel 5.0.</strong> A number of features initially planned for the&nbsp;Ubuntu 18.10 release, which postponed until the&nbsp;<em>Disco Dingo</em>&nbsp;development cycle, are, alas, passed over once again. For instance, Ubuntu 19.04 was to include support for Android integration using GSConnect, a native JavaScript implementation of the KDE Connect protocol, out of the box. This lets users to&nbsp;connect an Android phone to Ubuntu&nbsp;wirelessly. <strong>GSconnect won&rsquo;t be default in Ubuntu 19.04</strong>&nbsp;(but is available in the repo). Also seeing little improvement is Ubuntu Software. The&nbsp;Ubuntu Software mockups&nbsp;we&rsquo;ve written about before haven&rsquo;t inched any closer to reality this cycle. &nbsp;Indeed,&nbsp;<strong>Ubuntu 19.04 ships with Software 3.30</strong>&nbsp;and not the very latest release. Other proposed plans that have made it include making the open-source&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Chromium web-browser</a>&nbsp;available as a Snap app in the Snap store; offering to enable geo-clue location detection (useful when travelling) during set-up, and offering&nbsp;better integration of Canonical&rsquo;s LivePatchservice. Ubuntu 19.04 has fractional scaling support in the (optional) Wayland session. It also includes a hidden and highly-experimental option to enable&nbsp;<strong>experimental fractional scaling support</strong>&nbsp;on Xorg for HiDPI displays. <strong>Performance patches</strong>&nbsp;feature heavily in this release. Memory and CPU optimisations mean the entire desktop feels more fluid and responsive. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-189 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744863956266-disco-dingo-750x422.jpg" alt="" width="750" height="422"></p>
<figure id="attachment_138955" class="wp-caption aligncenter" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-138955">
<figcaption id="caption-attachment-138955" class="wp-caption-text">The brand-new Ubuntu 19.04 wallpaper</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>The&nbsp;Nautilus file manager no longer supports desktop icons. To fill the gap Ubuntu devs ship the&nbsp;<a href="https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/ShellExtensions/desktop-icons/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">desktop icons extension</a>&nbsp;by default. It&rsquo;s a workable solution, but far from perfect. Finally, and most noticeably, Ubuntu 19.04 sports some visual changes. There&rsquo;s a new desktop wallpaper (see above), and the&nbsp;Yaru icon set has been revamped&nbsp;to look less uniform.</p>
<div class="callout"><strong>We&rsquo;ll be keeping this article up-to-date during the Ubuntu 19.04 development cycle</strong></div>
<div class="callout"><strong>What features do you want to see in the Disco Dingo? Let us know below!</strong></div>

The Ubuntu 19.04 release date is scheduled for April 18, 2019. This date appears on the draft release schedule for Ubuntu 19.04 (named the ‘Disc...

Ubuntu 19.04 Release Date & Planned Features (Updated) - TCMHACK

Ubuntu 19.04 Release Date & Planned Features (Updated)

<strong>The public beta of <a href="/ubuntu-19-04-release-date-planned-features-updated" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Ubuntu 19.04 (opens in a new tab)">Ubuntu 19.04</a> ‘Disco Dingo’, the next major update to the hugely popular Linux-based Ubuntu operating system, is now available to download.</strong>

The launch of the beta, the only one planned in the current development cycle, will allow enthusiasts and developers to help test the latest update ahead of its stable release next month.

Not long now; the final, battle-hardened version of Ubuntu 19.04 will be released on April 18th — if you haven’t already, do pop the date in your diary!
<h2>Ubuntu 19.04 Beta Download</h2>
You probably want to know what’s new, right?

We recap all the key Ubuntu 19.04 features &amp; release details in a separate post. Rather than repeat all of that here (again), I recommend you go check that post out for the full skinny.
<h4>A Sizeable, if Sedate, Update</h4>
Ubuntu 19.04 is a sizeable update — literally: the ISO is larger than usual at 2.1GB— if also a somewhat sedate one.

That’s not to say there aren’t new things to play with, but anyone who’s toyed with or run Ubuntu 18.10 will find there’s little material difference on offer here.

GNOME 3.32 delivers a bevvy of performance enhancements, keenly felt throughout the entirety of the OS.

Nautilus is now the latest version, meaning features like file favourites and elegant resizing are on offer.

A new desktop icons extension comes pre-enabled by default to replace the functionality Nautilus lost, namely on-desktop icon support.

Broadly speaking the desktop icons extension works okay, but there are some niggling issues.

For instance, you can’t (currently) drag and drop files from the desktop on to an app to open or move it. There are several minor regressions like this which, one hopes, will be resolved in future updates to the extension.

Updated apps on offer include the latest versions of Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, and LibreOffice.
<ul>
 	<li><strong>GNOME Shell 3.32</strong></li>
 	<li><strong>Ubuntu Linux Kernel 5.0</strong></li>
 	<li><strong>Mesa 19.0</strong> <strong>available</strong></li>
 	<li><strong>Yaru icon set update</strong></li>
 	<li><strong>New Desktop Icons extension</strong></li>
 	<li><strong>Updated apps</strong></li>
 	<li><strong><a href="/the-official-ubuntu-19-04-wallpaper-is-revealed/">New wallpaper</a></strong></li>
</ul>
And that’s more or less it!
<h3>Downloads</h3>
<p class="has-text-color has-background has-very-light-gray-color has-vivid-red-background-color"><strong>Caution</strong>: We don’t recommend you install the Ubuntu 19.04 Beta on your main computer. Beta software may have stability issues or contain bugs and quirks that are yet to be fixed. Stay safe and use live media, a test partition or virtual machine to try it out.</p>
You can download the Ubuntu 19.04 beta ISO from the official Ubuntu release server, linked below:
<p class="wp-block-omg-buttons ta-center"><a class="omg-button omg-button--orange-ef" href="http://releases.ubuntu.com/disco/ubuntu-19.04-beta-desktop-amd64.iso" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="omg-button__content">Download Ubuntu 19.04 Beta (64-bit .ISO)</span></a></p>
You can use a tool like <a href="https://etcher.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Etcher (opens in a new tab)">Etcher</a> to flash the ISO image to a USB stick to boot Ubuntu 19.04 beta (or install it) on your computer.

For a complete look at all of the new features you can expect to see in Ubuntu 19.04 next month, make sure to check out our full Ubuntu 19.04 roundup.

The public beta of Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo’, the next major update to the hugely popular Linux-based Ubuntu operating system, is now available ...

Ubuntu 19.04 Beta is Now Available to Download - TCMHACK

Ubuntu 19.04 Beta is Now Available to Download

Follow these instructions to generate a certificate signing request (CSR) for your Apache Web server. When you have completed generating your CSR, cut/copy and paste it into the CSR field on the SSL certificate-request page.
<h2>To Generate a Certificate Signing Request for Apache 2.x</h2>
<ol>
 	<li>Log in to your server's terminal (SSH).</li>
 	<li>At the prompt, type the following command:
<pre>openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout&nbsp;<em>yourdomain</em>.key -out&nbsp;<em>yourdomain</em>.csr</pre>
Note: Replace yourdomain with the domain name you're securing. For example, if your domain name is coolexample.com, you would type coolexample.key and coolexample.csr.</li>
 	<li>Enter the requested information:
<ol>
 	<li>Common Name: The fully-qualified domain name, or URL, you're securing.
If you are requesting a Wildcard certificate, add an asterisk (*) to the left of the common name where you want the wildcard, for example *.coolexample.com.</li>
 	<li>Organization: The legally-registered name for your business. If you are enrolling as an individual, enter the certificate requestor's name.</li>
 	<li>Organization Unit: If applicable, enter the DBA (doing business as) name.</li>
 	<li>City or Locality: Name of the city where your organization is registered/located. Do not abbreviate.</li>
 	<li>State or Province: Name of the state or province where your organization is located. Do not abbreviate.</li>
 	<li>Country: The two-letter International Organization for Standardization (ISO) format country code for where your organization is legally registered.Note: If you do not want to enter a password for this SSL, you can leave the Passphrase field blank. However, please understand there might be additional risks.</li>
</ol>
</li>
 	<li>Open the CSR in a text editor and copy all of the text.</li>
 	<li>Paste the full CSR into the SSL enrollment form in your account.</li>
</ol>

Follow these instructions to generate a certificate signing request (CSR) for your Apache Web server. When you have completed generating your CSR...

Apache: Generate CSR (Certificate Signing Request) - TCMHACK

Apache: Generate CSR (Certificate Signing Request)

<p>XSS is a very commonly exploited vulnerability type which is&nbsp;<strong>very widely spread</strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>easily detectable</strong>&nbsp;and also it is one of the important vulnerability in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10-2017_Top_10" target="_blank" rel="noopener">OWASP TOP 10</a>. What is XSS( Cross Site Scripting )? An<span class="fontstyle0">&nbsp;attacker can inject untrusted snippets of JavaScript into your application without validation. This JavaScript is then executed by the victim who is visiting the target site. It classified into three types.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>Reflected XSS</li>
<li>Stored XSS</li>
<li>DOM-Based XSS</li>
</ul>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">In&nbsp;<strong>Reflected XSS</strong>, an attacker sends the victim a link to the target application through email, social media, etc. This link has a script embedded within it which executes when visiting the target site.</span> <span class="fontstyle0">In&nbsp;<strong>Stored XSS</strong>, the attacker is able to plant a persistent script in the target website which will execute when anyone visits it.</span> <span class="fontstyle0">With&nbsp;<strong>DOM Based XSS</strong>, no HTTP request is required, the script is injected as a result of modifying the DOM of the target site in the client side code in the victim&rsquo;s browser and is then executed.</span></p>
<h2><strong>Understanding XSS &ndash; Cross Site Scripting</strong></h2>
<pre>http://test.gbhackers.com/search?q=gbhackers
Searched for &lt;strong&gt;gbhackers&lt;/strong&gt;
&lt;script&gt;alert(document.cookie)&lt;/script&gt;</pre>
<p>Imagine that we are having an URL like this and we are searching for&nbsp;<strong>gbhackers&nbsp;</strong>and it will reflect the following query in the browser. We trust the domain and we trust the resource being entered in the search page, so now the untrusted part<a href="https://gbhackers.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">&nbsp;gbhackers&nbsp;</a>was the query string entered by the browser, the attacker can manipulate the value anything as they like, for an example they change like this&nbsp;&lt;script&gt;alert(document.cookie)&lt;/script&gt;. This is just a simple query to popup an alert in the webpage, if some requested the page of attackers website and passed&nbsp;<strong>document.cookies as a parameter</strong>&nbsp;in the website then the attacker can gather all cookies in the website. If they got&nbsp;<strong>Auth cookies</strong>&nbsp;they can<strong>&nbsp;</strong>simply hijack user sessions. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-167 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744864376716-xss1.png" alt="" width="604" height="382"></p>
<h2><strong>Potential risks about Cross Site Scripting</strong></h2>
<p>The&nbsp;<a href="https://gbhackers.com/xsser-automated-framework-detectexploit-report-xss-vulnerabilities/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">attacker</a>&nbsp;can compromise or take over the victim&rsquo;s user account in the application. They could retrieve data from the target web application, modify content on the target page, redirect the victim to another malicious or spoof site, or use it as a platform to install other malware on the victim&rsquo;s system. The consequences of any of the above can seriously impact your ability to conduct business, your customers, and your organization&rsquo;s reputation. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-166 size-full" src="../../../../uploads/1744864398052-xss.png" alt="" width="495" height="246"></p>
<h2><strong>Defenses against Cross Site Scripting</strong></h2>
<ul>
<li>What input do we trust?</li>
<li>Does it adhere to expected patterns?</li>
<li>Never simply reflect untrusted data.</li>
<li>Applies to data within our database too.</li>
<li>Encoding of context(Java/attribute/HTML/CSS).</li>
</ul>

XSS is a very commonly exploited vulnerability type which is very widely spread, easily detectable and also it is one of t...